![]() ![]() To be recognizable, the reaction would also have to cause C and D to separate (like one becomes a gas, the other does not). If you have any chemical reaction with two components A and B and two outputs C and D, such that C is lower in entropy then A, it would qualify. But the same thing can happen on molecular scales. Life, and our inventions, tends to have a clear macro-state "system" you can talk about. The game then becomes assigning what is the input, what is the waste and what the system is. The trick is that the transfer of entropy from the low entropy input to the higher entropy waste is greater than the lowering of entropy of the system itself. I suspect the above is what you are getting at. It has lots of heat (entropy), which it loses to the water producing steam (cold water is low entropy input, steam is high entropy waste). We can assign that 'extra' irreversible entropy. In an irreversible process, we generate extra entropy. In a reversible process, the entropy change of the system and surroundings are equal and opposite. To locally reduce entropy, you need to add in low entropy and convert it to waste. A reversible process is one where dSuniv 0 d S u n i v 0, while dSuniv > 0 d S u n i v > 0 indicates a (spontaneous) irreversible process. Solids have the lowest amount of entropy, since atoms are tightly packed together and have little movement. The low-entropy fuel is converted into useful low entropy work, and the higher entropy byproducts are emitted.Īll forms of "entropy lowering" require emitting high entropy "waste". 1 Answer I.F.M If entropy is decreasing, the reactants are reacting to produce products which have less disorder. When an internal combustion engine burns fuel, it loses entropy locally, and its environment gains it. The food is converted into higher entropy waste products, and the extracted low entropy is used to maintain the animal. When an animal eats food and emits heat and waste products, it loses entropy locally, and its environment gains it. When something hot cools off it loses entropy locally, and its environment gains it.
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